“Mistakes should be examined, learned from, and discarded; not dwelled upon and stored.”– Tim Fargo
In modern organizational structures, bottom-up feedback is increasingly recognized as a crucial mechanism for fostering transparency, innovation, and a cohesive culture that encourages growth and adaptation. Bottom-up feedback, in which supporters (employees) offer their leaders insights, evaluations, and constructive criticism, enhances a collaborative and responsive environment. Today we explore the benefits of bottom-up feedback in the workplace, outline effective methods for submitting feedback to leadership, and for premium members, we will discuss tips for supporters to approach feedback constructively and professionally.
Sources for this article:
Anseel, F., Lievens, F., Schollaert, E., & Choragwicka, B. (2015). Reflection as a strategy to enhance task performance after feedback. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 131, 1-16.
Ashford, S. J., & Tsui, A. S. (1991). Self-regulation for managerial effectiveness: The role of active feedback seeking. Academy of Management Journal, 34(2), 251-280.
Edmondson, A. C. (1999). Psychological safety and learning behavior in work teams. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44(2), 350-383.
London, M., & Smither, J. W. (1995). Can multisource feedback change perceptions of goal accomplishment, self‐evaluations, and performance‐related outcomes? Theory‐based applications and directions for research. Personnel Psychology, 48(4), 803-839.
Scott, S. G., & Bruce, R. A. (1994). Determinants of innovative behavior: A path model of individual innovation in the workplace. Academy of Management Journal, 37(3), 580-607.
Zenger, J., & Folkman, J. (2013). The extraordinary leader: Turning good managers into great leaders. McGraw-Hill Education.
Organizations practicing bottom-up feedback see improvements in morale, productivity, and overall decision-making, as this type of feedback provides leaders with a closer look at operational realities, workplace dynamics, and evolving challenges. We discussed many ways to conduct after-action reviews (post-mortems) in Week 29, and we also discussed constructive feedback in Week 12. Organizations that are not able to provide, process, and adapt to feedback become stagnate and fail at learning from their mistakes and successes. However, addressing feedback to leaders can either become a minefield or a huge benefit to workplace culture. Let’s learn these benefits to the workplace and how to give feedback correctly.
The Benefits of Bottom-Up Feedback in the Workplace.
Bottom-up feedback is part of open communication between employees and leaders. It enhances transparency and mutual respect. That means that employees and leaders have a culture of predictability and trust. When supporters can trust their leaders, they care about the supporters' concerns, and they can predict the actions or efforts of their leader; it makes work a place where people want to stay. Supporters who can make relevant points on a leader’s actions also lead to them having a voice.
When employees feel empowered to voice their thoughts, leaders gain access to diverse perspectives that may be overlooked in top-down decision-making structures. According to research by Anseel et al. (2015), feedback in this direction creates a culture of trust, which strengthens relationships and improves engagement across the organization. Leaders become more receptive to concerns and insights, knowing they are grounded in the day-to-day experiences of their team members.
When I was a commander, I created (well my Soldiers built it but it was our idea) an anonymous feedback box that my First Sergeant and I had the only key to unlock. The purpose of this box was to allow anyone to say anything with anonymity. In the age of computerized communication, handwritten notes become harder to identify. The feedback that I received was instrumental in improving the quality of life for my Soldiers while deployed to Iraq. Much of the feedback was items that I could impact, while some pushed me to fight for my Soldiers in other organizations.
It was a great way to receive feedback that otherwise some of my Soldiers would not have given me. Losing out at making those improvements. Leaders and supporters need to understand that bottom-up feedback will give you a better chance to improve the workplace and productivity. “We found that reflection without feedback did not improve performance” (Anseel et al., 2015). In other words, their study showed that errant improvements, ideas without feedback, were less likely to have improvements that benefited the workplace.
Supporters can use these ideas to build trust with their leaders, and I have found that the leader gains trust with their supporters. The supporter should know about their leader's work and have an understanding of what is important. But when feedback is two-way, and meant for constructive improvements, I gained a lot of faith and trust in my supporters. It gives you a chance to hear that they know the mission. It also gives you a chance to observe how they provide good feedback. This gives leaders and supporters a solid understanding of where their minds are, as well as what their concerns are at that moment.
The process also mitigates the “echo chamber” effect, where leaders may otherwise only receive information that reinforces their existing beliefs. With diverse viewpoints, leaders can make better-informed decisions that consider both strategic objectives and operational realities. Common existing beliefs can be correct, but supporters that give their leaders conflicting viewpoints will allow the leader to make the better choice. If everyone just goes with the flow of opinions, that echo chamber creates one-way solutions in many cases. More ideas assist with more innovation.
Employees working directly with clients, projects, or on the front lines often identify challenges and inefficiencies that leaders might not see. Through regular feedback, employees can suggest alternative approaches, new ideas, or corrective actions that lead to improvements. Employees who actively participate in solution generation are more engaged and satisfied with their roles, contributing positively to organizational success (Scott & Bruce, 1994). You can also see this in cross-team feedback, helping other teams improve their processes. Regular feedback creates positivity that enhances commitment and accountability, driving continuous improvement across departments. Let’s discuss how organizations can receive feedback to assist supporters.
Appropriate Ways for Supporters to Submit Feedback.
Organizations can implement formal channels, such as suggestion boxes, regular feedback sessions, or anonymous surveys, to facilitate open communication. Such structured approaches allow employees to express themselves without fear of retribution, especially in cases where feedback may be sensitive. Structured feedback channels ensure that feedback is organized, making it easier for leaders to analyze trends and prioritize areas for action.
One military method for feedback was called a sensing session. This was a group discussion based on rank. It was set up with those supporters and the commander (leader) to allow direct feedback. In some ways, the group style provided barriers for people to open up, but in many cases, group support of an idea enhanced that direct feedback. Once the floodgates opened with one topic, sharing became easier and easier. It also takes a leader who can understand to not get defensive and allow supporters to open up. Much of what we talked about in the Week 12 article.
Conversely, the military also had an open-door policy. This allowed supporters to meet with leaders at all levels individually without any other leaders getting in the way to stop them. Of course, supporters should attempt to solve problems or provide feedback at the lowest level, but when that doesn’t work, an open door with the senior leader could be just the right move to get action. Supporters who use individual interactions with leaders correctly can have great effects with bottom-up refinement.
Regularly scheduled one-on-one meetings between employees and leaders offer another effective format for bottom-up feedback. These meetings allow for real-time communication and immediate clarification, which is essential for sensitive topics. In a supportive setting, employees can voice concerns directly and discuss their ideas in depth, while leaders have the opportunity to respond and seek further insights (London & Smither, 1995). Regular one-on-one meetings also allow supporters to prepare effectively.
After a project is completed, project-based debriefs such as after-action reviews or post-mortems serve as an ideal opportunity for employees to provide feedback on the project’s challenges, successes, and areas for improvement. This type of feedback session is particularly effective because it is focused and relevant to recent experiences, making it easier for both leaders and employees to identify actionable insights. “Fast-paced work environments require learning behavior to make sense of what is happening as well as to take action” (Edmondson, 1999). Teams that learn from their actions perform better and have improved psychological safety.
Tips for Supporters on How to Give Feedback to Leaders. (Premium Content Below)
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